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Stephen Schwartz @atomicanalyst.bsky.social

Here are what some of the original East German teletypes at the Moscow end of the “hotline” looked like (exterior and interior):

A color photograph of an East German T-63 teleprinter, used at the Moscow terminal of the hotline (photo from an exhibition at the Russian Archives.) The teleprinter is a large light-colored wooden box with an attached keyboard. The power cord rests on top. A color photograph of a display at the National Cryptologic Museum of the US National Security Agency showing the internal mechanisms of an East German T-63 SU12 teletype printer (used from 1963-80). On the left is a square green box containing the key tape.
aug 30, 2025, 3:06 pm • 8 2

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Stephen Schwartz @atomicanalyst.bsky.social

As communication technologies evolved, so did the “hotline.” In 1985, facsimile machines were added, enabling transmission of handwritten messages, maps, charts, and photographs. Then, in 2008, the link was completely upgraded to a secure computer network with email and chat capabilities.

A November 14, 1985, color photograph of the Direct Communication Link terminal room at the National Military Command Center in the Pentagon, a few months after the new facsimile equipment had become operational. The actual document scanners are on wooden shelves above three PCs. Below each scanner, a standard IBM PC is installed for the One-Time Pad (OTP) encryption of the data. Documents were printed on an EPSON FX-80 dot-matrix printer (foreground). The United States supplied the identical equipment to the Soviet Union for installation in Moscow. An August 30, 2013, color photograph, marking the 50th anniversary of the hotline. Army Lt. Col. Charles Cox, the senior presidential translator (standing), and Navy Chief Petty Officer John E. Kelley (seated), are in front of a large shelving unit in a room in the National Military Command Center, looking at two flat-screen computer monitors (Kelley is using a mouse). A seal for the Washington-Moscow Direct Communication Link is on the wall above them.
aug 30, 2025, 3:06 pm • 10 2 • view
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Stephen Schwartz @atomicanalyst.bsky.social

The United States’ first official use of the “hotline” was on November 22, 1963, after President John F. Kennedy was assassinated by Lee Harvey Oswald. The Soviet Union’s first official message was sent on June 5, 1967, following the start of the Six-Day War between Egypt, Israel, Jordan, and Syria.

aug 30, 2025, 3:06 pm • 12 5 • view
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Stephen Schwartz @atomicanalyst.bsky.social

On October 31, 2016, President Barack Obama used the Direct Communication Link to warn President Vladimir Putin to stop interfering in the US presidential election: “International law, including the law for armed conflict, applies to actions in cyberspace. We will hold Russia to those standards.”

aug 30, 2025, 3:06 pm • 12 4 • view
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Stephen Schwartz @atomicanalyst.bsky.social

Over the years, the “hotline” has played a critical (if not always accurate) role in several nuclear-war-themed films, including 1964’s “Dr. Strangelove”: “Hello? Eh, hello? Hello, Dmitri? Listen, I can't hear too well, do you suppose you could turn the music down just a little?”

aug 30, 2025, 3:06 pm • 15 3 • view
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Stephen Schwartz @atomicanalyst.bsky.social

Columbia Pictures even promoted “Dr. Strangelove” as the “hot-line suspense comedy,” and encouraged movie theater owners to set up red “hotline” telephones in their lobbies, which would play a pre-recorded announcement about the upcoming movie when patrons picked up the receiver.

A black and white original one-sheet poster for A short piece from the promotional materials prepared by Columbia Pictures for the movie titled
aug 30, 2025, 3:06 pm • 10 2 • view
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Stephen Schwartz @atomicanalyst.bsky.social

And here is that pre-recorded announcement:

aug 30, 2025, 3:06 pm • 11 3 • view
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Stephen Schwartz @atomicanalyst.bsky.social

(The flip side of the 45 rpm record used to distribute that announcement was the very 1960s novelty song “Love That Bomb,” recorded especially to promote the dark comedy movie):

aug 30, 2025, 3:06 pm • 10 3 • view
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Stephen Schwartz @atomicanalyst.bsky.social

Also in 1964, “Fail Safe” showed the president (Henry Fonda), accompanied by his translator Buck (Larry Hagman), talking to his Soviet counterpart on the “hotline” from a bunker deep beneath the White House in order to prevent an accidental nuclear attack from escalating to an all-out nuclear war.

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aug 30, 2025, 3:06 pm • 12 2 • view
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Stephen Schwartz @atomicanalyst.bsky.social

In 2002’s “The Sum of All Fears,” Jack Ryan (Ben Affleck) used the “hotline” (depicted, prematurely, as a chat-based computer platform) to convince Russia’s president (Ciarán Hinds) that a neo-Nazi billionaire is secretly manipulating him and the US president into fighting a nuclear war.

aug 30, 2025, 3:06 pm • 8 1 • view
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Stephen Schwartz @atomicanalyst.bsky.social

In 2020 and 2021, Russia’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs commemorated the anniversary with a tweet (although its graphic misstated the year the “hotline” was converted into an email platform). However, it was noticeably silent on the subject in 2022, 2023, 2024, and again this year.

A screenst of an August 30, 2021, tweet from the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs:
aug 30, 2025, 3:06 pm • 9 4 • view