...by private non-profit schools. Admittedly, some of these are very expensive, but those are in turn offset by relatively inexpensive religious (mainly Catholic) schools that spend less or roughly the same per capita than public schools do. And excluding private schools would likely further...
...reduce (or have no impact) on other countries' per capita expense, since some have more extensive private, non-religious systems that spend more per capita than the US does (e.g. the UK.) I think it is fair to include the EU as an example of non-centralized control since, while the EU is...
...not a federal state, the tendency over time (and especially since the Maastricht treaty) has been for "comptencies" (their term for "responsibilities") to migrate toward the Union level, or at least be more likely to be shared between the Union and the national governments. This simply hasn't...
...happened in education, except for more funding transfers from richer members to poorer members, roughly the same as "block grants" in the US system.