The entire business model of R1 public universities rests on 4 revenue sources: 1. Federal grants 2. Private gifts/endowments 3. Tuition (esp. from foreign students) 4. State $ For decades, ๐ in 1-3 offset a secular ๐ in 4. Now, 1 & 3 are being decimated & 4 ain't coming back. The math is clear.