Yes. The mechanism is quite simple in the modern gun. The shell rotates when fired. Rotations drop over time/distance. Once they drop below a certain point the fuse ignites causing the shell to detonate. In the Rheinmetall this was set to 1,600m but in the Flak 30 it might have been a bit more.

Heavy AA guns such as the 88 had a fuse setter integrated into the gun and the distance could be set by the crew to whatever they needed within certain parameters. This was also a way to achieve air bursts, using ricochet fire with howitzers and field guns.